Gas mixing device



W. J. LINN 2,133,623

GAS MIXING DEVICE Filed Aug. 18, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet l OCIc 1s, 1938.

Oct. 18

W J-A LINN GAS MIXING DEVICE Filed Aug. 18, 1957 2 Shee'csfShee'c 2 Uw/M .6 ma /7J 5 3 45@ L 4, 4. Z 3 3M A TT ORN Ey;

Patented Oct. 18, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 5 Claims.

This invention relates to a gas mixing device, more particularly to agas mixing attachment mounted between the carburator and the intakemanifold of internal combustion engines.

As is well known, excessive heat in the carburator causes the fuel toexpand, which in turn causes hard starting, loss of mileage, loss ofpower and irregular running of the engine, it also causes the so-calledvapor-lock.

Extensive tests to determine the cause of vapor-lock have shown, that innearly all cases, the fuel vaporizes, due to over heat, after enteringthe carburator, instead of retaining its liquid state which is essentialfor proper performance of an engine.

The present invention abolishes these troubles and it is therefore oneof the objects of this invention to provide a device which assists inreducing the excessive heat in the vicinity of the carburator whichrises, while the engine is running, from the manifold.

Another object of this invention is to provide a device which thoroughlymixes the fuel with the air as it ows from the carburator through theintake manifold.

Yet another object of this invention is to'pro- Vide a venturi ordisperser which considerably breaks up the gases of combustion therebyincreasing the efliciency of the engine by increasing its power andpermitting advancing the spark 5 to 6 degrees without causing roughidling of the engine.

A further object of this invention is to provide a Venturi type atomizerwhich creates positive cross air currents and positive compoundatomization of the fuel.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a Venturi typeatomizer which permits wide open performance, due to its unobstructeddesign, thereby overcoming the disadvantage usually due to volumetricefciency losses.

Another object of this invention is the provision of a fuel disperser oratomizer which is provided with a series o-f heat deflecting plates bymeans of which a more complete combustion of the mixture is obtained,thereby reducing to a minimum the amount of carbon accumulation withinthe cylinders of the engine. l

Still a further object of the invention is to devise a combinationVenturi disperser or at- (Cl. iS-

a device by means of which the idling of the engine is considerablyimproved.

Yet another object of the invention resides in a device which is' verysimple, inexpensive and eniciently constructed and capable of beingreadily installed between the carburator and the heat-box or manifoldwithout altering the construction of any part of the engine.

With these and other objects in view, the invention resides in thecertain novel construction, combination and arrangement o-f parts, theessential features of which are hereinafter fully described, areparticularly pointed out in the appended claims, and illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 represents a top View of the complete device in accordance withthe invention.

Figure 2 is a side view of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a sectional view along line 3 3 in Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a perspective View o-f thev Venturi element as used in theinvention.

Figure 5 is a sectional View along line 5--5 in Figure 4.

Figure 6 shows a developed view of the Venturi element including thestaggered slots.

Figure '7 is an isometric reduced view of one of the deector plates asused in the invention.

Figure 8 is an isometric reduced View of one of the serrated plates asused in the invention.

Figure 9 is an isometric reduced view of the center-disc as used in theinvention.

Figure 10 is an enlarged sectional fragmentary view along 5- 5 in Figure4 of the lower part of the venturi including a portion of the manifold,showing how the slots assist in breaking and ,leading the heavy fuelthrough the gap between the venturi and the manifold.

Figure 11 is a fragmentary perspective and exploded View of an internalcombustion engine, including the new invention.

Referring to the drawings in detail, l5 designates in general aninternal combustion engine of the conventional type which includes anintake manifold l5, an exhaust manifold I1, a heat-box IS, a carburatorI9 and a fan 20.

The said heat-box I8 and said carburator I9 are provided with suitableflanges 2l and 22 respectively, and between these anges and indil catedby the numeral 23 is mounted the invention in its entirety, as Figure 1lindicates.

The improved air cooled and heat deflected fue] atomizer, as best shownin Figures 1, 2 and 3 consists in general of a venturi 24, a center-disc25,

a pair of serrated plates 26 and 21, and a pair of deflector plates 28and 29.

Referring now to Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6 which show various views of theventuri 24 as used in the invention, and the same comprises anexteriorly cylindrical ring 36 which is provided, about midways, with acircular shoulder 3|, for a purpose which will be described later.

The interior of said venturi 24 isv hollowed out conically from bothends, the upper end of which being numbered 32, and the lower end ofwhich being numbered 33, thereby forming a cavity narrowing at thejunction 34, as best shown in Figure 3.

Figure 6 of the drawings shows the position of three distinctive rows ofhorizontally disposed parallel and interrupted slots 35, 36 and 31respectively. These slots are staggered and preferably arranged, asshown.

In close proximity to the top edge 38 of said Venturi 24 is a circulargroove 39, and the bottom edge 46 of said venturi is provided with aninwardly directed, conic deflector-rim 4I, as shown in Figure 10.

Figure 9 shows the center-disc 25 as used in the device, and the samecomprises a center-hole 43 which snugly ts, when assembled, around theoutside of the circular shoulder 3| of venturi 24. A pair of apertures44 and 45 are provided, through which the attaching bolts 46 (Figure 11)pass for the purpose of securely situating the attachment between thesecured ends of the intake heat-box I8 and the carburator I9. Thiscenter-disc 25 may be of heat resisting or other suitable material andis cut out around the said apertures 43, 44 and 45 to obtain a contouras shown in Figure 9.

Figure 8 shows one of the two serrated plates 26, 21 as used in theinvention, and the same comprises a rectangular plate 48 having serratededges 49. This plate is provided with a centrally disposed hole 56 and apair of aligned bolt-holes 5| and 52 which, when assembled, shouldcoincide with center-hole 43 and bolt-holes 44 and 45 of center-disc 25.

Figure '1 of the drawings shows one of the two deilector plates 28 and29 as used in the device and the same comprises a rectangular plate 54which has an offset cutout 55 of approximately the same contour as theconnecting end 2| of heat-box I8, and the flange 22 of the carburetor I9, of course, this cutout 55 must be slightly larger to allow these ends2| and 22 to freely pass when assembling.

Again referring to Figure 3 of the drawings which shows a crosssectional view of the cornplete invention, the assembly of the variouselements as previously described is as follows:

Center-disc 25 is placed between the serrated plates 26 and 21 andriveted, cemented or otherwise fastened together, so that the aperturesof the same coincide. The deflector plates 28, 29 are then soldered,welded or riveted to serrated plates 26, 21 an appreciable distanceapart by means of suitable distance pieces 58, in a manner, as forinstance shown in Figures 1 and 3. Of course these distance pieces maybe eliminated should it be desirable to form the same in one piece withthe deflector plate.

The venturi 24 is now forced or pressed into the coinciding holes 43 andSI1-which completes the assembly of the device, ready to be attached toan engine as heretofore described. When so assembled, it will be noted,that the combined thickness of the center-disc 25 and the two serratedplates 26 and 21 corresponds to the width of shoulder 3| of the venturi24 and furthermore, the horizontal and parallel slots and 36 of saidventuri 24 are so arranged, that for instance, the bottom edge 59 ofsaid slots 35 comes flush with the serrated plate 26 and the top edge 66of said slots 36 comes flush with the serrated plate 21.

As previously described, the complete improved device is easily andquickly secured between the heat-box I8 and the carburator I9 by meansof bolts 46.

With this improved device in position, the fuel and air mixture from thecarburator is drawn through the device before passing into the hotbox I8and intake manifold I6 and is additionally atomized so that the mixtureis conveyed to the engine as a vapor which is free from fuel globuleswhich assures that no fuel in liquid state is drawn into the cylinderswith the tendency of diluting the oil in the crank-case, at the sametime the carburator'is protected from the excessive heat radiating fromthe heat-box and manifold by means of the described heat deflector,thus, a maximum mileage from the fuel is attained.

When idling, the fuel and air mixture enters my device in which thelight ends of the mixture strike the deilecting groove 39 and thenfollow the inner contour of the venturi until the mixture strikes theinwardly directed coneshaped deflector rim 4| by means of which the flowof the mixture is concentrated towards the center of the venturi 24. Theheavy ends of the mixture will drip between the gap 6| existing betweenthe interior of the carburator flange 22 and the upper outside face ofring portion 36 of the venturi 24, and since the shoulder 3| of thelatter divides the exterior of the venturi into an inlet portion 62 andan outlet portion 63, the

Vheavy ends of the mixture are forced from gap 6I toward the interior ofthe venturi through slots35 and then through the restricted area 34 Y ofthe venturi, which, as is well known, produces the highest mixingvelocity at this area, and due to the high vacuum in the gap 64 existingbetween the connecting end 2| of the heat-box I8 and the lower outsidesurface of Venturi-ring 36, the heavy ends of the mixture are drawnpartly through slots 36 and partly through slots 31, whereas the lightends of the mixture will continue along the inner surface of venturi 24and then deflected toward the center of the venturi by the deilectingrim 4I and so returned, thoroughly atomized, to the mixture flow.

It is well known in the art, that, at lower speeds the vacuum in amanifold of an engine is always high and at higher speeds the vacuum isalways low; it is also known, that the fuel mixture, due to highpressure created by a wide open throttle allows the air to enter themanifold at a very high rate of speed thereby causing a high pressureagainst the slots 35, 36 and 31 of the venturi 24, thus forcing theremaining unbroken heavy ends through above mentioned slots. Thisresults in a completely vaporized and gaseous fuel mixture, which may beused with maximum efflciency for combustion purposes which willeliminate carbon deposits Within the cylinders of the engine to a markedextent and also the fouling of the spark plugs, and moreover, bycompletely vaporizing the fuel mixture economy may be secured from astandpoint of fuel consumption.

Referring now to Figure 10 of the drawings which illustrates afragmentary cross sectional View of the lowermost end of the venturi 24,in

which is indicated by means of arrows how the heavy ends of the fuelmixture are finally and additionally broken up by directing the samethrough the horizontal slots 31 and out between the gap 64 in athoroughly mixed condition to the cylinders of the engine.

As best shown in Figure 3, gaskets 42 are interposed between theopposite sides of the serrated plates 26, 2T and the flange end 22 ofthe carburator i9 and the connecting end 2l of the heat-box i3respectively in order to produce a tight joint between the parts.

At this time, it should be noted, that special care has been taken inthe design of the venturi to provide an unobstructed passage for themixture, which otherwise would ultimately interfere with volumetricefficiency, meaning more fuel consumption with less wide openperformance.

To eliminate excessive heating of the fuel in the carburator whichcauses vapor-lock, boiling and therefore excessive expansion of the fueland other undesirable performances of the engine, the venturi isprovided with a heat deflecting attachment, made preferably in unisonwith the venturi, as shown in Figure 3. As the heat rises from theheat-box I8 and the manifold I6, it strikes the bottom deflector plate29, the serrated plates 2l and 26 and then the top deflector plate 28.At the same time, the continuous current of air from the engine fanforces the air through the air-gap 41 and over the outside faces of thedeilecting plates 28 and 29 thus deflecting .and carrying away therising heat from the manifold from the vicinity of the carburatorthereby eliminating the above stated disadvantages due to overheating ofthe carburator.

While it is entirely possible to use metallic deilector plates 28, 29,it is preferred to use heat insulating material for the same, since thedevice is not intended to be used as a heat radiator, but as a heatdeflector.

Of course, the size of these deector plates may vary to suit the type ofcarburator used in the engine.

The present invention is believed to be a Vital departure from anyprevious devices in the arts pertaining thereto and for the objectsintended.

In the foregoing disclosure, the discription has been more or lessconfined to the one embodiment shown herein but it will be understoodthat in actual practice a different arrangement to attain efficientcooperation of the various parts of the device will not constitute adeparture from the broader scope of the invention.

l. In combination with a carburator and the intake manifold of aninternal combustion engine, a Venturi member having a straight outerwall surface and downwardly and upwardly flaring inner wall surfaces;upper and lower rows of horizontal and parallely disposed slotspenetrating the walls of said Venturi member; said straight outer wallsurface provided with an annular shoulder between the upper and lowerslots, a plurality of plates tting snugly about said shoulder and havinga combined thickness not greater than the thickness of the shoulder, andmeans to secure said plates between the connecting ends of saidcarburator and intake manifold.

2. In combination with a carburator and the intake manifold of aninternal combustion engine, a Venturi member having a straight outerwall surface and downwardly and upwardly flaring inner wall surfaces,said outer wall surface provided about midways with a horizontal annularshoulder, a plurality of horizontally disposed plates fitting snuglyabout said shoulder and having a combined thickness substantially equalto the thickness of the shoulder, means to secure said plates betweensaid connecting ends of the carburator and intake manifold, the outerwall of said Venturi member being of smaller diameter than the innerwall of the corresponding connecting ends of said carburator andmanifold thereby forming a cylindrical chamber between said Wallsurfaces; said plates dividing said chamber into upper and lowersections, when in position, and horizontal slotted ports in said Venturimember above and below the plates to facilitate communication betweensaid sections and the flared interior of said Venturi member.

3. In combination with a manifold inlet neck and a carburator outletneck, a Venturi tube housed in adjoining portions of said necks andspaced from walls thereof, a barrier about said Venturi intermediate thelength thereof fitting between the confronting ends of the necks anddividing space between the walls of the necks and the Venturi into upperand lower sections, said venturi being formed with slots above and belowthe barrier, and fasteners extending through the barrier and confrontingportions of the necks to secure the barrier in position to serve as agasket for ends of the necks.

4. In combination with a manifold inlet neck and a carburator outletneck, a Venturi tube housed in end portions of said necks and spacedfrom walls of the necks to provide an'annular passage about the venturi,an external circumferential shoulder about said venturi intermediate thelength thereof, upper and lower plates and an intermediate plate ttingabout said shoulder and extending between ends of said necks, saidplates having a combined thickness substantially equal to the shoulderand cooperating with the shoulder to divide the annular passage intoupper and lower sections, and said venturi having horizontal slots aboveand below the shoulder constituting by-passes between the interior ofsaid venturi and the upper and lower sections of the annular passage.

5. In combination with a manifold inlet neck and a carburator outletneck, a Venturi tube housed in end portions of said necks and spacedfrom walls thereof to provide an annular passage, a circumferentialshoulder about the venturi intermediate the length thereof, walls of theventuri being internally thickened to form an internal throat in thehorizontal plane of the shoulder, upper and lower plates and anintermediate plate fitting about said shoulder and together therewithconstituting a barrier dividing the annular passage into upper and lowersections, said venturi being formed with horizontal slots above andbelow the barrier, constituting by-passes, said plates extending betweenthe ends of said necks and formed with aligned openings, and fastenerscarried by one neck and passed through the openings and engaging theother neck to tightly clamp the plates between the necks and form asealed joint.

WILLIAM J. LINN.

